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Resignation of the Last Member of the Management Board of a Limited Liability Company (sp. z o.o.)

Submitting a resignation from the position of a management board member in a limited liability company is generally not a complicated matter. However, the situation becomes more complex when the resigning board member is the last remaining person on the board. A resignation statement cannot be submitted to oneself. This scenario is addressed in the Commercial Companies Code, but the procedure is not intuitive. If it is not carried out correctly, the resignation may be deemed ineffective.

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License for Conducting Business in the Field of Personal and Property Protection – what is it and how to obtain it?

Despite its name, a license for conducting business in the field of personal and property protection does not apply solely to traditional ‘security companies’. Such a license may also be required, for example, for providers of alarm or video surveillance systems.

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Shareholders in a Limited Liability Company (sp. z o.o.)

Shareholders of a limited liability company (spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością, or sp. z o.o.) are one of its most essential elements—after all, it is thanks to them that the company comes into existence. First, they enter into the articles of association (which must be executed in the form of a notarial deed unless using the S24 online system) and consequently gain a range of rights and obligations related to the operation of the company.

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Establishing a registered association in Poland

A registered association and an ordinary association are two different types of associations that are often confused. The main feature of a registered association is that it acquires legal personality upon registration in the National Court Register (KRS). However, it is a more formalized organizational form, which also entails a greater number of obligations.

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“Employee” contracts in Poland

In addition to the classic employment contract, Poland has civil law contracts under which it is also possible to provide services (labor). Thus, the basis for employment in Poland may be an employment contract, a contract of mandate (contract for the provision of services), a contract for specific work and a B2B contract.

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Power of Attorney vs. Commercial Proxy (Prokura) – Differences

Both a power of attorney (pełnomocnictwo) and a commercial proxy (prokura) are forms of legal representation. Both the attorney (pełnomocnik) and the commercial proxy (prokurent) act on behalf of and in the interest of the person or entity they represent. The purpose of granting either is to relieve the principal of the need to perform various legal acts personally.

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A common language
is a good start

Since 2016, Attorney Daria Milewska has been listed among the French-speaking lawyers at the Embassy of France in Poland, and since 2025 attorney-at-law Maria Czechowska-Kowalczyk has also been listed therein. This recognition confirms the expertise of MILEWSKA Legal in providing legal services to French-speaking clients.

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