{"id":3311,"date":"2026-10-15T13:43:43","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T11:43:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/?p=3311"},"modified":"2026-10-15T13:45:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T11:45:20","slug":"lack-of-a-management-board-in-a-sp-z-o-o-and-liability-under-article-299-of-the-polish-commercial-companies-code-ksh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/lack-of-a-management-board-in-a-sp-z-o-o-and-liability-under-article-299-of-the-polish-commercial-companies-code-ksh\/","title":{"rendered":"Lack of a management board in a sp. z o.o. and liability under Article 299 of the Polish Commercial Companies Code (KSH)"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Holding members of the management board of a limited liability company (sp. z o.o.) liable under Article 299 of the Polish Commercial Companies Code (KSH) requires proof that enforcement against the company has been unsuccessful. This does not always mean, however, that the creditor must obtain a bailiff&#8217;s decision confirming the failure of enforcement against the company in order to trigger the Article 299 procedure. Nor does it most often mean that the mere absence of a management board is enough, on that basis alone, to sue a former board member without first going through enforcement against the company itself. So where should one start when a company has no management board but does have creditors?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3311","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-commercial-companies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3311"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3311\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3316,"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3311\/revisions\/3316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3311"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milewska.legal\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}